TOEFL Junior Practice Test 21 - Reading Comprehension (có giải thích đáp án chi tiết)

Read the notice and answer the questions.

Classes will be canceled again tomorrow because of another snowstorm that is quickly approaching from the north. We will have to make up for the missed days in the spring so students will not miss any important lessons. Weather reports show that some places on the east coast have already gotten nearly a meter of snow and are experiencing high winds.

All students are advised to go straight home after school. Students, teachers, and parents should stay off the roads tonight because the storm will be arriving in the late evening and lasting until tomorrow afternoon. During the last snowstorm, there were a number of car accidents caused by snowy and icy roads, so please be careful.

Hopefully, the school will resume on Thursday, but this will depend on the severity of the storm. Listen to your radio or watch the news on Wednesday night and Thursday morning so you know whether or not to come to school. 

Read the e-mail and answer the questions.

Dear Mr. Patterson, 

I am a student in your woodshop class who is very angry with you. Your class is very unsafe and your other students are irresponsible. The class is unsafe because there are not enough headphones to protect everyone's ears when we use loud machines. The machines are also dangerous. A power drill was on fire last week!

  The second reason I am angry is because the other kids are irresponsible. Tommy and Jason shoot staples at people with the staple guns. John tries to scare people when they are cutting wood. Someone could lose a finger or an eye in your class. You should be watching the class more carefully. Please make your classroom safer or I will tell the principal. 

  Thank you.

  Anonymous 

Read the story and answer the questions.

       A very long time ago, there lived a great king. The king was kind to everyone he met. He was good to his people and helped those in need. One day, the king found a man who was lost in the forest. The king knew the forest well, so he helped the man get back to his home. As luck would have it, the man was the servant of a very powerful wizard. To thank the king, the wizard gave him one wish. The king wished everything he touched would turn into gold. The wizard asked, "Are you sure you want that wish?" The king said yes. Once the wish was granted, the king touched an apple. Poof! The apple became gold. "I'm going to be the richest king in history," the king thought.

       Weeks passed, and the king grew very rich. He thought he was the happiest king alive. One day, the king's daughter came to visit him. She had married a prince from a faraway country. She missed her father so much that she jumped into his arms when she saw him. Forgetting all about his golden touch, the king hugged his daughter back. Instantly, she was turned into gold. Right away he ran into the forest to find the wizard. After hours of searching, the king found the wizard and begged him for help. The wizard looked at the king with sad eyes. He said, "I asked if you were sure. I cannot take the wish back." The king felt terrible. He had changed his only child into a golden statue. For the rest of his life, he turned things into gold but always knew all the gold in the world would never make him as happy as his loving daughter had.

Read the passage and answer the questions.

Leonardo Da Vinci is one of the most famous historical figures of all time. He was born in 1452 in Florence, Italy. He is often described as the perfect "Renaissance Man", which means he was curious about a wide variety of things. It is not easy to put Da Vinci into a category. He was a painter, sculptor, astronomer, inventor, mathematician, writer, and more.

Da Vinci, however, is perhaps most famous as a painter. He painted the Mona Lisa, which is one of the most renowned paintings in the world. He also painted The Last Supper, which shows the last dinner of Jesus.

As a scientist and inventor, Da Vinci designed and invented things that were not possible to create during the time that he lived. He made plans for helicopters, tanks, calculators, and solar-powered machines. He kept extensive notebooks in which he wrote in code. Historians have to hold the notebooks up to a mirror to be able to read them.

Da Vinci also made many discoveries, but he was not interested in becoming famous for them. He didn't publish any of his ideas. Not much is known about Da Vinci's personal life or childhood. Da Vinci was careful to keep it secret. He never married and did not have any children, but had many friendships with various people. Today, Da Vinci is a legendary figure. He proves that one person can be talented at many things at the same time.

Read the passage and answer the questions.

    Amelia Earhart is probably the best-known female pilot in the world. During her life, she did amazing things. Earhart was one of the first woman pilots in history. She set many flight records. One of the most famous was her solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean. She was the first woman to fly across the ocean alone.

   Amelia Earhart was more than just a great pilot. She was a best-selling author too. She wrote many books about her flying experiences. Earhart also enjoyed helping other women succeed. She helped start the all-women pilot group called the Ninety-Nines, and she fought for women's rights.

    Sadly, Earhart's disappearance is a big reason why she is remembered today. When she tried to fly around the world, she went missing with her flight partner, Fred Noonan. On July 2, 1937, Amelia Earhart vanished somewhere over the Pacific Ocean, never to be seen again. 

Read the passage and answer the questions.

The piano is one of the most popular instruments in the world. The modern piano was invented by Bartolomeo Cristofori. Cristofori worked as the keeper of instruments for Ferdinando de'Medici, the Prince of Tuscany. It is unclear when he created the first piano, but the oldest Cristofori pianos that exist today are from the 1720s.

Cristofori knew a lot about the clavichord and the harpsichord before he made the piano. The clavichord and the harpsichord were good instruments but were flawed. The clavichord was not loud enough to be used with an orchestra, while the harpsichord could not play very expressive notes. Cristofori invented the piano to have an instrument that was both loud and expressive. Cristofori's piano became famous because of a respected writer named Scipione Maffei. Maffei wrote an article about the piano with a diagram of it. Most people that would become piano builders found out about the piano from this article.

Interestingly, Johann Sebastian Bach did not like the piano when he first heard it. He thought the high notes were not loud enough. Eventually, he came to like it. Wolfgang Mozart was one of the first musicians to use the piano. He composed much of his music on it. Still, the pianos in Mozart's time were different than they are now. Today, the piano is one of the most well-known instruments in the world. It is used in orchestras, musicals, and in many other popular forms of music.