Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
Nowadays, we are all aware of the fact that we should be eating a healthy diet. We get advice from everywhere; TV, radio, magazines, books, videos and the Internet as well (A) ______ friends, colleagues, and family. Well, if you find all this advice a little confusing, then there is now a much simpler solution, dieting by color. The color Diet is (B) ______ on the theory that the natural color of food reflects its nutritional content. For example green food such as broccoli, spinach and lettuce (C) ______ high levels of beta-carotene and glucose. This help reduces the risk of cancer, are a good source of iron and act as powerful antioxidants, while yellow foods like bananas, corn, and lemons have potassium and vitamin C which can reduce the pain of arthritis, reduce stress and be a good source (D) ______ energy. The principles of the color diet are very easy to follow. Make sure that each meal contains a variety of colors, and you will be eating a balanced, healthy diet. But remember, the colors have to be natural. Eating a packet of Smarties a day will not give you anything (E)_____ toothache.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
On December 4, 1872, Captain David Morehouse spotted another ship. It was sailing without direction, so he approached it in (A) ______ to offer help. (B) ______, when he reached the ship he found that it had been abandoned. (C)_____ everything was soaked with seawater, Captain Morehouse managed to sail it to Gibraltar.
The name of the ship was Mary Celeste and what happened to the crew remains a mystery. The ship's cargo consisted of industrial alcohol and, according to one theory, this may have started to leak. Believing that the ship was about to go up in flames, the captain (D)_____ have ordered everyone into the lifeboat, which then became separated from the ship. However, it is unlikely that we will ever find (E)______ the truth.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
BETTE NESMITH GRAHAM - A WOMAN IN BUSINESS
Bette Nesmith Graham had always wanted to be an artist, but in the 1940s, she was a (A) ______ mother with a child to support. She learned to type and found work as a secretary. She was an efficient employee who was (B) ______ of her work and tried to find a better way to correct typing. She remembered that artists painted over their mistakes, so why not typists?
With this idea in heart, Graham put paint, the same color as the office stationery, into a bottle and took her brush to work. She used this to correct her typing mistakes and her boss never (C)______. Soon everyone in the office was using it.
In 1956, Graham started the Mistake Out Company from her home. Her kitchen (D)______ a laboratory in which she mixed up an improved product with her food mixer. Although she worked long hours, she made little money. Then, one day she made a mistake at work that she couldn't correct, and her boss sacked her. She now had the time to (E) ______ to selling Liquid Paper, and the business boomed. By 1967, it was a million-dollar business.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
THE CHOCOLATE FACTORY
Would you like a job where you could eat chocolate (A) ______ day? Well, such a job does exist! Did you know that most chocolate factory uses chocolate tasters? Their job is to taste the chocolate while it is being made and say if it is too sweet or too bitter. You have to be very good at tasting different (B) ______ and you have to comment on how the chocolate feels as well. Is it smooth or crunchy? Unfortunately, you can't just go along and say you like chocolate - that, I'm afraid, is not enough! Most chocolate tasters have a degree (C) ______ food technology and you will not be able to work until you have had lots of training. Then you have to go through several (D)___ before you can be selected. If you think you would be good at chocolate tasting then try to develop your taste buds by tasting different chocolate (E)______ blindfold. See if you can tell what type of chocolate it is. If you get a job like this, you will not be well- paid but most tasters enjoy their job so much that pay is not very important.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
GREENPEACE
Greenpeace is an independent organization that campaigns to protect the environment. It has approximately 4.5 million members worldwide in 158 countries, 300.000 of these in the United Kingdom. (A) ______ in North America in 1971, it has since opened offices around the world. As well as its campaigning work, it also has a charitable trust which (B) ______ scientific research and undertakes educational projects on environmental issues. Greenpeace (C) ______ in non-violent direct action. Activists draw public attention to serious threats to the environment. (D)______issues on which the organization is campaigning include the atmosphere (globe warming), the (E) ______ of the rainforests and toxic waste being emitted from factories.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
Early formal adult education activities focused (A) _______ single needs such as reading and writing. Many early programs were started by churches to teach people to read the Bible. When the original purpose was (B) _______, programs were often adjusted to meet more general educational needs of the population. Libraries, lecture series, and discussion societies began in various countries during the 18th century. As more people experienced the benefits of (C) _______, they began to participate increasingly in social, political, and occupational activities. By the 19th century, adult education was developing as a formal, organized movement in the Western world.
The largest early program in the U.S., the Lyceum, (D) _______ (1826) in Massachusetts by Josiah Holbrook, was a local friendship of men and women with some schooling who wanted to expand their own education while working to establish a public school system. The Lyceum movement encouraged the development of other adult education institutions such as libraries, evening schools, and gifted lecture series. By mid-century, employers and philanthropists began to endow institutions such as the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art (1859) in New York City and the Peabody Institute (1857) in Baltimore, Maryland, for adult education. Large audiences were attracted to the Chautauqua movement, which began (1874) in New York State as a summer training program for Sunday school teachers and evolved into a traveling lecture series and (E)_______ school. Chautauqua was the prototype of institutions established to further popular education in the U.S. By 1876, universities started offering extension programs that brought education directly to the public…
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
Background, in relation to computers, on the screen, the color on which characters are displayed. (A) _______, a white background may be used for black characters. In a windowing environment in which more than one program or document can be available to the user, open but currently inactive (B) _______ are said to be in the background.
In the context of operating systems and program execution, background refers to a process, or task assigned a lower priority in the microprocessor’s share of time to tasks other than the task running in the (C) _______. A background process thus often performs its work, such as printing or checking for arriving messages on an electronic mail network, invisibly unless the user requests an update or brings the task to the foreground. (D) _______, only multitasking operating systems are able to support background processing. However, some operating systems that do not support multitasking may be able to perform one or more types of background tasks. For example, in the Apple Macintosh operating system running in Single-Launch Mode (with multitasking (E) _______), the Background Printing option can be used to print documents while the user is doing other work.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
MANY KINDS OF MICROBES
There are thousands of different kinds of microbes. Microbes called (A) _______ are the smallest living things. Bacteria live almost everywhere: on land, in water, and even inside you.
Some microscopic life forms are like plants. Tiny diatoms are microbes that live in lakes and the ocean. Diatoms soak up (B)_______ and use its energy to make food, just like plants.
Some microscopic life forms are more like animals. Protozoa such as the amoeba and paramecium are animal-like microorganisms. An amoeba can move (C)_______ changing the shape of its body. It sticks out a pseudopod or false foot. A paramecium is covered with tiny hairs. It waves its hairs rapidly to swim.
Viruses are (D)_______ kind of microbe. Viruses sometimes act like living things and other times act like nonliving things. Viruses sometimes live in the cells of plants and animals. Inside a cell, a virus reproduces like a living thing. The virus uses the cell to make many copies of itself. Viruses are (E) _______ small to see with an ordinary microscope. You need a powerful electron microscope to see a virus. Outside of a plant or animal cell, a virus is like a nonliving thing.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
It can take a long time to become successful in your chosen field, however talented you are. One thing you have to be (A)_______ of is that you will face criticism along the way. The world is full of people who would rather say something negative than positive. If you’ve made up your (B)_______ to achieve a certain goal, such as writing a novel, don’t let the negative criticism of others prevent you from reaching your target, and let the constructive criticism have a positive effect on your work. If someone says you’re totally in the lack of talent, ignore them. That’s a negative criticism. If (C), __________, someone advises you to revise your work and gives you a good reason for doing so, you should consider their suggestions carefully. There are many film stars (D)__________ were once out of work. There are many famous novelists who made a complete mess of their first novel – or who didn’t but had to keep on approaching hundreds of publishers before they could get it published. Being successful does depend on luck, to a certain extent. But things are more likely to (E)_______ well if you persevere and stay positive.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
Statesmen define a family as “a group of individuals having a common dwelling and related by blood, adoption or marriage, (A)_______ includes common-law relationships.”. Most people are born into one of these groups and will live their lives as a family in such a group.
Although the definition of a family may not change, (B)_____ relationship of people to each other within the family group changes as society changes. More and more wives are (C)_______ paying jobs, and, as a result, the roles of husband, wife, and children are changing. Today, men expect to work for pay for about 40 years of their lives, and, in today’s marriages in which both spouses have paying jobs, women can expect to work for about 30 to 35 years of their lives. This means that man must learn to do their share of family tasks such as caring for the children and daily (D)_____ chores. Children, too, especially adolescents, have to (E)_______ with the members of their family in sharing household tasks.
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Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks.
Early writing and Alphabets
When people first began to write, they did not use an alphabet. Instead, they drew small pictures to show the objects they were writing about. This was very slow because there was a different picture for (A) ______ word.
The Ancient Egyptians had a system of picture writing that was (B) ______ hieroglyphics. The meaning of this writing was forgotten for a very long time but in 1799 some scientists (05) discovered a stone near Alexandria, in Egypt. The stone had been there for (C) ______ a thousand years. It had both Greek and hieroglyphics on it and researchers were finally able to understand what the hieroglyphics meant.
An alphabet is quite different (D) ______ picture writing. It consists of letters or symbols that represent a sound and each sound is just part of one word. The Phoenicians, (E) ______ lived about 3,000 years ago, developed the modern alphabets. It was later improved by the Roman’s and this alphabet is now used widely throughout the world.
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