Từ vựng theo cụm (collocation) của một số tính từ phổ biến trong tiếng Anh

Từ vựng theo cụm (collocation) luôn là một thách thức với người học tiếng Anh. Tuy nhiên, bằng cách luyện tập thật nhiều, bạn có thể thành thạo các từ vựng theo cụm thông dụng. Trong bài này, hãy tìm hiểu collocation của một số tính từ thông dụng.

1. Collocation Trạng từ + Tính từ

Cụm Trạng từ - Tính từ Nghĩa Ví dụ

Absolutely necessary

hoàn toàn cần thiết  The police are advising motorists to travel only if their journey is absolutely necessary.

Absolutely/utterly (quite, really) alone

hoàn toàn đơn độc He’s not just anti-social; he’s absolutely alone.

Absolutely/utterly (quite, really) amazed

vô cùng kinh ngạc  "I’m absolutely amazed as a basketball coach", he said.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) appalled

vô cùng kinh hãi  I’m absolutely appalled, but it doesn’t surprise me.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) beautiful

cực kỳ xinh đẹp  She always looks absolutely beautiful.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) convinced

hoàn toàn bị thuyết phục  I am not absolutely convinced that the match incident is worth the footage involved.

Absolutely/utterly (quite, really) devastated

hoàn toàn suy sụp  ’m sure he’ll bounce back, but he’ll be absolutely devastated.

Absolutely/utterly (quite, really) fantastic

hết sức tuệt vời  He was absolutely fantastic.

Absolutely/utterly (quite, really) furious

vô cùng giận dữ  He is absolutely furious and he wants to get even.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) impossible

chắc chắn là không thể In the face of all this, it is absolutely impossible to say what will happen.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) miserable

rất đỗi khổ sở  If you’re absolutely miserable at work, then your boss will be able to tell.

Absolutely/utterly (quite, really) ridiculous

 cực kỳ lố bịch It is absolutely ridiculous and totally absurd.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) stupid

ngớ ngẩn vô cùng “You’d be absolutely stupid to vote for me because of my name,” she says.

Absolutely/utterly(quite, really) wrong

sai hoàn toàn  The detention of children is absolutely wrong.

Bitterly cold

lạnh tê tái  It’s a bitterly cold wind.

Bitterly criticised

 bị chỉ trích cay nghiệt The decision was bitterly criticised by the Sydney press.

Bitterly disappointed

thất vọng tràn trề  His parents had been bitterly disappointed at his divorce.

Bitterly regret

nuối tiếc đầy cay đắng We bitterly regret what happened this morning at both Paddington and King’s Cross.

Bitterly resent

tức giận đầy cay đắng For one thing, many ManU fans still bitterly resent his takeover.

Deeply affected

ảnh hưởng sâu sắc The train system has been deeply affected.

Deeply ashamed

vô cùng hổ thẹn I am deeply ashamed of what I have done.

Deeply care

quan tâm sâu sắc Just because he doesn’t devote all his time to you doesn’t mean he doesn’t deeply careabout you.

Deeply committed

cống hiến hết mình  It was a deeply committed performance.

Deeply competitive

cạnh tranh, ganh đua  He is deeply competitive and quite motivated.

Deeply concerned

lo ngại sâu sắc  We are deeply concerned about the future.

Deeply divided

bị chia rẽ sâu sắc The issue has created a deeply divided nation.

Deeply hurt

bị tổn thương sâu sắc She was deeply hurt if a man wasn’t exclusively involved with her.

Deeply moved

vô cùng cảm động  He was deeply moved and saddened, I could see.

Deeply offended

bị xúc phạm ghê gớm  I was, quite naturally, deeply offended.

Deeply regrettable

hối tiếc sâu sắc  My insensitive comment was deeply regrettable.

Deeply religious

sùng đạo  She was deeply religious from early childhood.

Deeply shocked

sốc nặng  I was deeply shocked when I heard about it, particularly the way that it happened.

Deeply unhappy

vô cùng bất hạnh  I was deeply unhappy.

Deeply worried

cực kỳ lo lắng This has many multinational executives deeply worried.

Highly controversial

gây nhiều tranh cãi  This topic is highly controversial and very difficult.

Highly effective

hiệu quả cao  The secession campaign was also highly effective.

Highly probable

khả thi cao  Success is highly probable.

Highly profitable

lợi nhuận cao  It is a low-profile but highly profitable enterprise.

Highly recommended

được nhiều người đề cử, giới thiệu  The restaurant comes highly recommended.

Highly successful

vô cùng thành công  This coal pipeline has been highly successful.

Highly unlikely

có khả năng cao không xảy ra It is highly unlikely that he’ll be late.

Highly unusual

 cực kỳ bất thường We’ve not had any snow yet, which is highly unusual.

Ridiculously cheap

rẻ không tưởng They have a bunch of great vintage furniture shops, and it was ridiculously cheap.

Ridiculously early

sớm không tưởng September is a ridiculously early time to panic in a long season.

Ridiculously easy

dễ không tưởng A hard workout for one person can be ridiculously easy for another.

Ridiculously long

dài không tưởng  It was ridiculously long, absurdly perfect, and alarmingly beautiful.

Ridiculously small

nhỏ không tưởng National elections are rare, so we have ridiculously small sample sizes.

Ruggedly handsome

đẹp trai theo kiểu phong trần More important, my wife was above ground chatting with a ruggedly handsome tour guide.

Scared stiff

sợ khiếp vía  I’m not scared stiff, I’ll be anything but scared.

Strongly opposed

phản đối mạnh mẽ  I’m strongly opposed to capital punishment.

Actively involved

tham gia tích cực  He’s been actively involved in politics for 30 years.

Badly hurt

bị thương rất nặng  He was badly hurt.

Blissfully unaware

hoàn toàn không nhận thức được  Harry was blissfully unaware that he was in danger.

Blissfully ignorant

không hề hay biết  While her husband had affairs with other women, she lived in blissful ignorance.

Completely amazed

hoàn toàn kinh ngạc  Alaudin started telling me his father’s story and I was completely amazed.

Completely different

hoàn toàn khác biệt  That’s a completely different subject.

Completely fantastic

thực sự tuyệt vời Gray Manor Hotel is a completely fantastic wedding venue.

Completely strong

cực kỳ mạnh mẽ  I feel physically completely strong and emotionally completely exhausted.

Dead tired

mệt đến chết  I am dead tired.

Drop-dead gorgeous

vô cùng lộng lẫy  For me, they bring to mind the drop-dead gorgeous mountains.

Fiercely competitive

cạnh tranh dữ dội  Companies have been fiercely competitive since.

Fully aware

hoàn toàn ý thức  I am fully aware that there are serious problems.

Happily married

có cuộc hôn nhân hạnh phúc  I’m happily married, with children.

Painfully shy

nhát kinh khủng  When I was a kid I was painfully shy, so it was hard for me to make friends.

Painfully thin

gày đau gày đớn  She looked painfully thin.

Perfectly normal

hoàn toàn bình thường  It’s perfectly normal to feel like this.

Pretty good

khá tốt Your script was pretty good but I have some suggestions.

Quietly confident

thầm tự tin  I’m quietly confident that Arsenal can get a result.

Quite good

khá giỏi  I am quite good at various activities, such as painting and photography.

Quite sure

hoàn toàn chắc chắn   Are you quite sure she won’t mind?

Readily available

rất sẵn sàng Boats are readily available to visitors.

Reasonably happy

tương đối vui vẻ  She seems reasonably happy in her new job.

Reasonably priced

giá cả hợp lý The apartments are reasonably priced.

Reasonably well

tương đối tốt  The hostages had been reasonably well cared for.

Terribly disappointing

thất vọng tràn trề  Tom didn’t enjoy the show. He found it terribly disappointing.

Totally unbelievable

hoàn toàn không tin nổi  His version of the accident was totally unbelievable.

Widely accepted

được chấp nhận rộng rãi  Payment by credit card is now widely accepted.

Wildly optimistic

cực kỳ lạc quan  His sales estimations are wildly optimistic.

2. Collocation Tính từ + Danh từ

Cụm Tính từ - Danh từ

Nghĩa

Ví dụ

annual insurance

bảo hiểm thường niên

An annual insurance review can also be an important opportunity to ensure you are receiving all possible discounts on your homeowners policy. 

annual leave

nghỉ phép thường niên

"Annual leave” is “paid holiday” : the days you can go for holiday and you still get paid even you are not at work. 

annual return

thống kê thường niên

The annual registration fee payable on delivery of the annual return depends on the type of company.

annual turnover

doanh thu thường niên

Annual turnover is the percentage rate at which a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund replaces its investment holdings on an annual basis.

careful analysis

bản phân tích cẩn thận

After careful analysis, you have determined that a firm's dividends should grow at 7%, 

careful consideration

sự xem xét cẩn thận

Careful consideration must also be given to the risks of investing in stocks. 

careful timing

căn thời gian cẩn thận

I continue a series on careful timing by declarer.

commercial bank

ngân hàng tư nhân

Armed men believed to be robbers have attacked a commercial bank in Ondo State, south-west Nigeria.  

commercial mortgage

cầm cố tư nhân

When it comes to a commercial mortgage, expect more from your bank. 

commercial property

tài sản tư nhân

The term commercial property refers to buildings or land intended to generate a profit, either from capital gain or rental income. 

corporate culture

văn hoá doanh nghiệp

Corporate culture refers to the beliefs and behaviors that determine how a company's employees and management interact. 

corporate identify

nhận diện doanh nghiệp

Companies use their corporate identity to communicate the principles their company stands for. 

corporate image

hình ảnh doanh nghiệp

"Corporate image" was once advertising jargon but is today a common phrase referring to a company's reputation. 

corporate strategy

chiến lược doanh nghiệp

Corporate strategy is hierarchically the highest strategic plan of the organization 

corporate structure

cấu trúc doanh nghiệp

Corporate structure refers to the organization of different departments or business units within a company. 

detailed account

tài khoản chi tiết

Yesterday's letter contains a detailed account of the decisions 

detailed analysis

sự phân tích chi tiết

Top synonym for detailed analysis (other word for detailed analysis) is thorough analysis. 

detailed investigation

sự điều tra chi tiết

Robert Beech and Associates can undertake detailed investigation of building defects like roof and wall performance failure. 

detailed study

bản nghiên cứu chi tiết

Again, this can only be resolved by a more detailed study

direct intervention

can thiệp trực tiếp

Traditional enterprise development projects often take the route of direct intervention in response to value chain constraints.  

direct involvement

dính dáng trực tiếp

This paper brings a comparative aspect to the analysis of direct involvement as the foundation for partnership. 

due care

sự quan tâm thích hợp, thích đáng

Due care is the degree of care that an ordinary and reasonable person would normally exercise. 

due consideration

sự xem xét thích hợp, thích đáng

Many agricultural development projects have been designed and implemented without due consideration of their impact on the environment, especially biodiversity. 

due notice

chú ý thích hợp, thích đáng

Your employer is not required to give a reason for termination as long as due notice has been given. 

due respect

(trong with all due

respect), dùng khi phản đối một ai đó.

With all due respect, Sir, I cannot agree with your last statement. 

economic crisis

khủng hoảng kinh tế

This is a list of economic crisis and depressions. 

economic downturn

suy sụp kinh tế

During this economic downturn, entrepreneurs might be reluctant to spend money

economic growth

tăng trưởng kinh tế He believes that creativity holds the key to economic growth.

economic policy

chính sách kinh tế It explores the causal factors, potential and limits of economic policy in Eastern Europe, Eurasia, Africa... 

economic reform

đổi mới kinh tế Economic reform and the opening up in China during the past few decades have led to three big and closely related events. 

economic slowdown

giảm tốc độ tăng trưởng kinh tế How can businesses prepare for the next economic slowdown

effective deterrent

sự ngăn trở hiệu quả Is prison an effective deterrent

effective means

phương pháp, phương tiện hiệu quả

The most effective means of testing software comes from a combination of methods deployed together.  

effective protection

sự bảo vệ hiệu quả  I shall assume that the reader knows what “effective protection” is.

effective treatment

điều trị hiệu quả Effective treatment attends to multiple needs of the individual, not just his or her drug abuse. 

emergency meeting

cuộc họp khẩn An emergency meeting of the board may be called by the president  

emergency service

dịch vụ khẩn cấp  Emergency services and rescue services are organizations which ensure public safety and health by addressing different emergencies.  

false allegation

lời cáo buộc sai  If you've been the victim of false accusations on the internet, what legal recourse do you have? 

false assumption

giả thuyết sai  Don't build your reasoning in the sand by making false assumptions.  

false hope

hy vọng hão False hope comes under depression and deep emotions 

false impression

ấn tượng sai  Was it a touch of the Suez jitters, the haunting syndrome of 1956 leaving a false impression that the Old Empire still had it?  

false premise

tiền đề sai  That creative control was taken from a director is a false premise

firm belief

tin tưởng chắc chắn That has been the firm belief of our nation builders since the dawn of our beloved republic. 

firm conviction

lời kết tội, kết án chắc chắn I started with the firm conviction that when I came to the end, I wanted to be regretting the things that I had done, not the things I hadn't.  

general conclusion

kết luận chung That's a general conclusion of research led by Hans Paerl. 

general consensus

đồng thuận chung There's general consensus if somebody has a horrible, unforeseen unmitigated medical emergency, that's shouldn't destroy their lives. 

general principle

nguyên lý chung When a salary increment is granted, the salary is paid according to the general principle

general rule

quy tắc chung Tomlin's general rule in making out the initial depth chart is to start with where things ended the previous season. 

growing awareness

sự nhận thức tăng lên However, Mike noted with that growing awareness, Pop Warner Football and the DYFL has brought big changes to the program. 

growing concern

mối quan ngại gia tăng There is "growing concern" for the crew of a British-flagged tanker seized by Iran in the Gulf 

growing discontent

sự bất mãn gia tăng By running in the Moscow election, the opposition candidates had hoped to capitalize on growing discontent in Russia.  

growing tension

căng thẳng gia tăng

The parades caused growing tension in Scotland.

growing unrest

sự náo loạn gia tăng Hong Kong strikes disrupted hundreds of flights amid growing unrest.

hard bargain

cò kè bớt một thêm hai The Fast and the Furious trio are hardly alone in driving a hard bargain

heavy fine

tiền phạt nhiều Arsenal will hit Koscielny with heavy fine

heavy losses

tổn thất nặng nề European stocks opened with heavy losses Friday 

heavy rain

mưa to Heavy rain is battering Edinburgh this afternoon with thunderstorm warnings remaining in place. 

heavy snow

tuyết rơi nhiều A forecast stormy weekend across much of the country could include another heavy snow dump for much of the South Island 

heavy traffic

giao thông căng thẳng There is heavy traffic and delays to bus services following a crash on Tavistock Road. 

high cost

chi phí cao This is particularly likely if energy taxes are relatively high cost revenue policies. 

high expectations

kỳ vọng cao Read this article to learn how high expectations can improve performance for yourself and others.  

high hopes

hi vọng lớn Ed Vaughan has high hopes for Dame Malliot at Deauville on Sunday. 

high proportion

tỷ lệ cao Data show that low turn-out also happens in seats with a high proportion of Indigenous people 

high quality

chất lượng cao We provide our students with high quality initial licensure programs. 

high speed

tốc độ cao Ambitious high-speed links between capital cities have been proposed for decades, but never built. 

high standard

tiêu chuẩn cao There was a high standard of competition as students from Rotorua high schools presented their speeches around an interesting topic.

key element

yếu tố chủ chốt Gold is a key element for electronic devices 

key factor

Differences between countries' institutional frameworks may be a key factor in causing mortgage defaults 

key feature

đặc điểm chủ chốt A key feature of a pathological lie is that it has no obvious motivation.  

key figure

nhân vật chính A former Turkish deputy prime minister and key figure in President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's ruling party has resigned

key role

vai trò chủ chốt Universities play a key role in training people for the workforce.

major breakthrough

đột phá chính A UL research team has made a major breakthrough in the fight against colon cancer. 

major concern

quan ngại chính If you love pizza, getting the crust just so is a major concern

major factor

nhân tố chính Age is a major factor affecting chances of employment. 

major influence

ảnh hưởng chính The United States is a major influence in the United Nations. 

major setback

sự giảm sút chính The first major setback occurred on the western front. 

major upheaval

ảnh hưởng chính The major upheavals of the immediate post-war years had subsided. 

mutual benefit

lợi ích qua lại The China-Venezuela cooperation has been conducted with equality, mutual benefit, win-win results and market principles. 

mutual respect

tôn trọng lẫn nhau The practice of emphasizing mutual respect and forging personal relationships has made a big difference. 

mutual trust

tin tưởng lẫn nhau Pakistan-China relationship is close and solid, and it is based on mutual respect and mutual trust

noticeable change

sự thay đổi đáng chú ý Every day, there has been a noticeable change, both inside and outside. 

noticeable difference

sự khác biệt đáng chú ý We feel as if we can make a noticeable difference

noticeable drop

sự giảm sút đáng chú ý Expect a noticeable drop in humidity with highs in the 80s.  

noticeable improvement

sự cải thiện đáng chú ý Another noticeable improvement is how light he feels on his feet 

outstanding achievement

thành tựu nổi bật Each year the GED Testing Service recognizes GED graduates and a state administrator for their outstanding achievement

outstanding result

kết quả nổi bật If you have outstanding results, please recheck next month to know if they have been released.  

particular attention

mối quan tâm đặc thù This attack on freedom of expression warrants particular attention

particular concern

mối quan ngại đặc thù Climate change is a particular concern to the Black Sea basin 

particular emphasis

sự nhấn mạnh đặc biệt Pep Guardiola's Manchester City revolution has placed a particular emphasis on full-backs. 

particular relevance

sự tương xứng đặc thù He then shifted to a topic of particular relevance right now: hate. 

popular belief

niềm tin phổ biến As I have pointed out numerous times, and contrary to popular belief, gold is not an inflation hedge. 

popular misconception

quan niệm sai lầm phổ biến I need to debunk a popular misconception of meditation that holds almost everyone who tries it back.  

popular myth

hiểu lầm phổ biến This article will help you get clarity and make informed choices for securing a better future by busting 5 most popular myths about mutual funds. 

popular view

cách nhìn phổ biến A stash of recordings has been made public confirming the popular view of Richard Nixon as a lying, venal, foul-mouthed, paranoid conspirator. 

positive attitude

thái độ tích cực   Adopting a positive attitude as a way of life will help you cope more easily with your daily affairs of life. 

positive feedback

phản hồi tích cực Positive feedback is a process in which the end products of an action cause more of that action to occur in a feedback loop. 

positive reinforcement

sự củng cố tích cực Positive reinforcement in the classroom is an effective way to teach and to manage classrooms 

positive response

phản ứng tích cực A utility enters one of 23 positive response codes that lets you know if that utility is marked, unmarked, not in conflict (clear) or high priority.  

practical advice

lời khuyên thực tế When you want to master something, some effective and hard-hitting practical advice will get you there in at least half the time. 

practical purpose

mục đích thực tế Furthermore, for practical purpose, all matrices involved are required to be real. 

practical solution

giải pháp thực tế
Although not ideal, it is a very practical solution.
 

rapid change

sự thay đổi chóng mặt The ambulance industry is in the middle of rapid change.

rapid decline

sự sa sút chóng mặt Scientists are researching the potential consequences of the rapid decline of the honey bee population in the U.S. 

rapid deterioration

sự thoái hoá chóng mặt Any rapid deterioration in sentiment would support the safe-haven yen and hasten yuan declines. 

rapid expansion

sự mở rộng chóng mặt The rapid expansion of weaving boosted the status and skill of weavers. 

realistic alternative

phương án dự trù (mang tính) thực tế They can see it as a realistic alternative to just being stuck in the car.  

realistic expectation

kỳ vọng (mang tính) thực tế Quarterback Andrew Luck believes playing Week 1 is a realistic expectation

realistic prospect

viễn cảnh (mang tính) thực tế 31st of October looks a more realistic prospect than a no-deal Brexit than either of the two previous ones 

realistic target

mục tiêu (mang tính) thực tế Carlow Athlete Marcus Lawler says it's a realistic target to make next years Tokyo Olympics especially. 

reliable indication

chỉ dấu đáng tin cậy Facial movements and expressions are not a reliable indication of how someone is feeling 

reliable measure

phương án đáng tin cậy Is BMI a reliable measure of health? 

reliable predictor

dự báo đáng tin cậy One study found age was the only reliable predictor of an actual date. 

rising trend

xu hướng đang lên Ordinance show a rising trend, most marked from 1927. 

rising unemployment

số lượng thất nghiệp gia tăng He discusses South Africa's rising unemployment rate. 

severe difficulty

khó khăn nghiêm trọng What Bryxzel did was to keep his brother Ayxzel afloat, he was holding him up whilst he himself was getting into more severe difficulty.

severe hardship

Requiring a condo owner to pay several thousands of dollars in fees to remediate their water can be a severe hardship for many owners 

severe setback

sự thụt lùi nghiêm trọng Corrie adds that she is happy to provide the teen with a platform after he had faced a severe setback.

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