Viết lại câu là một dạng câu hỏi vô cùng quen thuộc trong các bài kiểm tra năng lực tiếng Anh. Để hoàn thành tốt dạng bài này, bạn cần lưu ý những điểm sau:
Để hoàn thành 5 câu hỏi này trong một thời gian ngắn, học sinh nên theo 4 bước sau:
Bước 1: Đọc kỹ câu cho trước và cố gắng hiểu trọn vẹn ý của câu đó. Chú ý đến những từ khóa, S &V, và cấu trúc được sử dụng ở câu gốc.
Bước 2: Đưa ra ý tưởng viết lại câu sử dụng cách khác, cấu trúc khác mà vẫn giữ được ý nguyên vẹn của câu cho trước.
Bước 3: Viết câu mới. Chú ý đến: Chủ ngữ và động từ mới, thì của câu mới, chú ý sự thay đổi của các cụm từ tương ứng (như although- despite, adj-adv, if- unless…)
Bước 4: Đọc và kiểm tra lỗi, có thêm chỉnh sửa nếu cần.
Would you like to come to my 18th birthday party” he asked me.
–> He invited.………………………………………………………
Bước 1: Đọc kỹ câu cho trước: “Would you like to come to my 18th birthday party” he asked me. (Bạn có muốn tới dự bữa tiệc sinh nhật lần thứ 18 của tôi không?” anh ấy hỏi tôi.
Nhận dạng câu cho trước là câu trực tiếp qua dấu “ …” (sẽ rất có thể được chuyển sang câu gián tiếp) - ý của câu thể hiện lời mời.
Bước 2: Định hình cấu trúc thể hiện lời mời tương ứng: invite Sb to do Sth
Bước 3: Tiến hành viết
He invited me to come to his 18th birthday party.
Bước 4: Đọc lại xem có cần chỉnh sửa gì không.
Viết lại thành: S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since …
Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago
=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years.
=> S + have/ has +not+ for + time
=> It’s + time+ since + S + last + Ved.
=> The last time + S + V ed+ was + time + ago.
Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago.
=> It hasn’t snowed for 2 weeks
=> It’s 2 weeks since it last snowed.
=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago.
=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ before
=> S+ have/ has not+ P2+ before
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him
=> I have never met him before.
=> I haven’t met him before.
=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N
=> S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ+ N than this
Ví dụ: This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.
=> I have never read such an interesting novel.
=> I have never read a more interesting novel than this (one/ novel)
Cấu trúc 5,6,7,8 thay thế cho nhau linh hoạt.
Ví dụ:
- The top shelf is too high for the children to reach.
- He ran too fast for me to follow.
Ví dụ:
- The top shelf is so high that the children can not not reach it.
- He ran so fast that I could not follow him.
Lưu ý:
Ví dụ:
> She has so much work to do that she can not go out with me tonight.
> She has so many things to do that she can not go out with me tonight
Ví dụ:
- It is such a high top shelf that the children can not reach it.
- He was such a fast runner that I could not follow him
Chúng ta thường lấy ADJ đối nghĩa của ADJ cho sẵn trong câu “too” để dùng tạo câu mới.
Ví dụ: She is too young to get married.
=> She isn’t old enough to get married.
=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)
=> S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth
Ví dụ: It’s difficult for me to wake up early in the morning.
=> Waking up early in the morning is difficult for me.
=> I find waking up early in the morning difficult.
=> I find it difficult to wake up in the morning.
(với N) I find English interesting to study.
Ví dụ: It’s cool to try your best for what you want.
=> Trying your best for what you want is cool.
I find it cool to try your best for what you want.
Or If I were you,…
=> It’s time for sb to do sth
=> It’s (high/ about) time S+ did sth. (thể hiện sự phàn nàn, chê trách “sao tới bây giờ mà vẫn chưa làm?”)
Ví dụ: You’d better go right now.
=> It’s time for you to go now.
=> It’s time you went now.
=> Despite / In spite of+ Noun/gerund (Ving)
=> Despite/ in spite of the fact that S+ V,….
Ví dụ: Although they don’t have money, they still live happily.
=> Despite no money/ having no money, they still live happily.
=> In spite of the fact that they don’t have money, they still live happily.
=> S + V + to + V
Ví dụ: She studies hard in order that she can pass the final examination.
=> She studies hard to pass the final examination
=> It’s no good/ no use Ving
=> It’s not worth Ving
Ví dụ: There’s no point in arguing.
=> It’s no good/ no use arguing
=> It’s not worth arguing
- Đề nghị: Suggest
Shall we+ V..../Let's+ V.../How/What about+ Ving..../Why dont we + V ..
=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đề nghị cùng làm gì.
Ví dụ: "Why don’t we go out for a walk?” said the boy.
=> The boy suggested going out for a walk
- Gợi ý cho người khác: “Why don’t you+ V?
=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V
Ví dụ: “Why don’t you have a rest?” he said to her
=> He suggested that she should have a rest.
- Cáo buộc : S accused Sb of doing sth
Ví dụ: “You stole the money on the table”, she said to him
=> She accused him of stealing the money on the table.
- Thừa nhận hoặc phủ nhận: S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2.
Ví dụ:
=> He admitted stealing/ having stolen the money on the table
=> He denied stealing/ having stolen the money on the table
- Lời khuyên (should/ought to/ had better/ If I were you.../ Why don’t you): S + advised sb + (not) to V
Ví dụ:
=> She advised me to save some money.
=> Jane advised Peter not to believe him.
- Câu mời (Would you like......?): S+ offered Sb Sth/ S+ offered to do Sth/ S + invited sb+ to V
Ví dụ:
=> I offered Peter a cup of coffee.
=> He offered to clean the house for me.
=> He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.
- Dặn dò: S + remember + to do Sth
=> S + don’t forget + to do Sth
=> S remind Sb to do Sth
Ví dụ:
=> He reminded me to come there on time the next day.
=> She reminded all of us to submit the report by that Thursday.
- Cảm ơn: Thank Sb for Ving/ N
Ví dụ:
=> He thanked us for helping him finish that project.
=> I thanked him for that lovely present.
- Xin lỗi: S apologized to sb for Ving
Ví dụ: “Sorry, I broke your vase” he said to his mother.
=> He apologized to his mother for breaking her vase
- Khen ngợi: S congratulated Sb on Ving
Ví dụ: “Congratulations! You won the first prize” he said to me.
=> He congratulated me on winning the first prize.
- Đe dọa: S+ threatened (sb)+to V/ not to V
Ví dụ: He said " I will kill you if you don’t do that "-
=> He threatened to kill me if I didn’t do that
- Unless = If not.
Ví dụ: If you don’t have a visa, you can not come to America
=> Unless you have a visa, you can not come to America
- Đảo ngữ trong điều kiện loại 1: Should+ S+ V
+ Loại 2: Were S+ Adj/N / to V
+ Loại 3: Had+ S+ (not) P2
Ví dụ:
You can ring this number whenever there is any difficulty.
=> Should there be any difficulty, ring this number.
- Sự chuyển đổi từ cấu trúc ngang bằng - so sánh hơn - so sánh hơn nhất:
Ví dụ: Sally is the tallest girl in her class
=> No one in Sally’s class is as tall as her.
=> No one in Sally’s class is taller than her.
- Cấu trúc tăng tiến cấp độ: The 8-year-old bride movie is more and more interesting.
- Cấu trúc càng… càng: The older he is, the less he wants to travel.
- Have Sb do sth => have Sth done
Ví dụ: We get him to look after our house when we are on business.
=> We get our house looked after (by him) when we are on business
- Make Sb do sth-> Sb be made to do Sth
Ví dụ: The teacher made the students work hard.
=> The students were made to work hard.
- People say S+ V
=> It be said that S+ V
=> S be said to V/ to have P2
Ví dụ: People say that he drinks a lot of wine.
=> It is said that he drinks a lot of wine.
=> He is said to drink a lot of wine.
- Never will I speak to him again.
- No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.
- Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.
- Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
- Not until I asked a passer-by did I know where I was = It was not until I asked a passer-by that I knew where I was.
- Around the corner is the hospital.